What does the hematocrit test measure in a blood sample?

The hematocrit test measures the percentage of red blood cells in a blood sample. This is crucial because red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. The hematocrit value provides insight into a person's overall blood health, including conditions such as anemia, polycythemia, and hydration status. A higher hematocrit indicates a higher proportion of red blood cells, which can result from dehydration or other conditions that elevate blood cell production. Conversely, a lower hematocrit can indicate conditions where red blood cell production is inhibited or there is excessive blood loss, which can lead to insufficient oxygen transport.

Understanding the hematocrit value is fundamental in diagnosing and managing various hematological and systemic conditions, which is why it is a significant measurement in clinical practice.