What term describes inflammation of the articular cartilage within synovial joints?

The correct term for inflammation of the articular cartilage within synovial joints is arthrochondritis. This specific term is derived from the combination of "arthro," meaning joint, and "chondritis," referring to inflammation of cartilage. Therefore, the term accurately describes the condition affecting the cartilage that lines and cushions the joints, which is essential for smooth movement.

Arthrochondritis focuses particularly on the inflammation aspect of the cartilage, which can lead to pain, swelling, and reduced joint function. Understanding this term helps in recognizing its clinical relevance, especially in conditions where joint pain and inflammation are prevalent.

Other choices, while related to joint health, do not specifically target the inflammation of cartilage. For instance, arthritis is a broader term that encompasses various forms of joint inflammation, including those affecting the synovial membrane and surrounding tissues, but it does not specifically point to cartilage. Similarly, achondroplasia refers to a specific genetic disorder related to bone growth, and ankylosis refers to the fusion of joints, which is not directly indicative of inflammation but rather a separate complication that can arise from chronic inflammation. Thus, arthrochondritis is the most precise term for the condition described in the question.